สรุป
การถ่ายทอดสัญญาณของเซลล์โดยวิถี PI3K/Akt ถือเป็นจุดศูนย์กลางที่สำคัญวิถีหนึ่งกับการอยู่รอดของเซลล์ และมีบทบาทสำคัญในการดำเนินโรคและการตอบสนองต่อการรักษาโรคมะเร็ง การกระตุ้นการทำงานที่ผิดปกติของวิถีนี้นำไปสู่การเกิดมะเร็งนั้น เกี่ยวข้องทั้งโมเลกุลที่เป็น upstream regulators, PI3K/Akt และ downstream effectors โดยพบความผิดปกติของโมเลกุลเหล่านี้ในมะเร็งหลายชนิดไม่ว่าจะเป็นการกลายพันธุ์ การเพิ่มจำนวนของยีน หรือการแสดงออกที่เพิ่มสูงขึ้น ดังนั้นโมเลกุลเหล่านี้จึงถูกใช้เป็นเป้าหมายในการศึกษาและพัฒนายาหรือตัวยับยั้งเพื่อว่าจะใช้เป็นเป้าหมายในการรักษามะเร็งนอกเหนือจากการใช้ยาเคมีบำบัด อย่างไรก็ตามยาหลายชนิดยังอยู่ในระหว่างการพัฒนาและที่ใช้อยู่ในปัจจุบันยังไม่สามารถยับยั้งเซลล์มะเร็งได้ทั้งหมด ทั้งนี้เซลล์มะเร็งมีการปรับตัวและพัฒนาตัวเองให้อยู่รอดได้ในสภาวะที่ไม่เอื้ออำนวย ดังนั้นความเข้าใจในกลไกที่เซลล์มะเร็งใช้ในการหลบหลีกหรือให้มีชีวิตอยู่รอดได้จึงเป็นจุดสำคัญที่จะนำไปสู่การรักษา การยับยั้งและทำลายเซลล์มะเร็งได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพต่อไป
เอกสารอ้างอิง
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